Sunday 31 July 2016
Saturday 30 July 2016
Dakshayani in Guinness Record.
Dakshayani, an 86 year oldelephant who is set to enter Guinness Records as the world's oldest living elephant.
Friday 29 July 2016
•Analysis of Data in research .
After the data have been collected from different sources, the researcher turris to the task of analysing them, The analysis Of data requires a number of closely related operations such as establishment of categories, the application of these categories to raw data through coding, tabulation and then drawing statistical inferenccss The unwieldy data should necessarily be condensed into a few manageable groups and tables for further analysis.
Thus, researcher should classify the raw data into some purposeful and usable categories. Coding operation is usually done at this stage through which the categories of data are transformed into symbols that may be tabulated and counted. Editing is the procedure that improves the quality of data for coding. With coding the stage is ready for tabulation. Tabulation is a part of the technical procedure wherein the classified data are put in the form of tables. The mechanical devices can be made use of at this juncture. Computers tabulate a great deal of data, especially in large inquiries. Computers not only save time but also make it possible to study large number of variables affecting a problem simultaneously.
Amazing !.Fully vegetarian crocodile in Indian temple.
Ananthapura Lake Temple is a Hindu temple built in the middle of a lake in the little village of Ananthapura, Kasaragod District of Kerala, South India, at around 6 km from Kumble. This is the only lake temple in Kerala and is believed to be the original seat (Moolasthanam) of Ananthapadmanabha Swami (Padmanabhaswamy temple) Thiruvananthapuram. Legend has it that this is the original site where Ananthapadmanabha settled down.
The lake in which the Sanctum Sanctorum is built measures about 2 acres (302 feet square). An interesting spot to keep in mind while visiting the temple is a cave to the right corner of the lake. According to the local legend, the deity Anantha Padmanabha chose to go all the way to Thiruvananthapuram through that cave. Hence both the places retain similar names, in spite of being on either end of the region.
Babia the crocodile guardian
The temple also has yet another interesting tale to tell – the story of the guardian crocodile. From very ancient times, one crocodile has been seen there. Though devotees used to take bath in the tank there is no instance of it harming anyone. Babia is the name by which this guardian is known to the world. It is the local guardian and the messenger of the temple. The only food that Babia takes is the offerings of the devotees. Usually it is a special gruel made of rice and molasses. After the worship, the feed offered by devotees is given to Babia at noon. Temple authorities claim that Babia is a vegetarian and has never harmed anyone including the fishes in the pond.
There is an interesting local legend that narrates the entire story behind the guardian crocodile. Once Sree Vilvamangalathu Swami, devotee of Lord Vishnu, was doing penance for his favourite lord. While he was in his prayers, Lord Krishna in the form of a little boy appeared and started disturbing him. Being annoyed by the behaviour of this child, the saint pushed Lord Krishna aside with his left hand. The boy immediately disappeared into a nearby cave and the truth dawned on the saint. The crevice into which Krishna is said to have disappeared is still there. The crocodile guards the entrance and the shrine.
In 1945, when the British soldiers were stationed there, one soldier shot dead the crocodile. To the surprise of everyone the soldier died within few days by a snake-bite. People believe it to be a revenge by the serpent god Anantha. Soon another crocodile appeared in the tank and even now if one is fortunate one can see it. The legend goes that there is only one crocodile in the lake at a time. When one crocodile dies, another one appears in the lake. The devotees pay great respect to this crocodile.
Thursday 28 July 2016
Confidence in our mind.
Confidence is generally described as a state of being certain either that a hypothesis or prediction is correct or that a chosen course of action is the best or most effective. Self confidence is having confidence in one's self. Arrogance or hubris in this comparison is having unmerited confidence—believing something or someone is capable or correct when they are not. Overconfidence or presumptuousness is excessive belief in someone (or something) succeeding, without any regard for failure. Confidence can be a self-fulfilling prophecy as those without it may fail or not try because they lack it and those with it may succeed because they have it rather than because of an innate ability. Taken to an extreme, over-confidence can cause problems as evidenced by the famous author Matthew Syed and mentioned here in this reference in regard to sport.
Self-confidence does not necessarily imply "self-belief" or a belief in one's ability to succeed. For instance, one may be inept at a particular sport or activity, but remain "confident" in one's demeanor, simply because one does not place a great deal of emphasis on the outcome of the activity. When one does not dwell on negative consequences one can be more "self-confident" because one is worrying far less about failure or the disapproval of others following potential failure. One is then more likely to focus on the actual situation which means that enjoyment and success in that situation is also more probable. Belief in one's abilities to perform an activity comes through successful experience and may add to, or consolidate, a general sense of self-confidence. Studies have also found a link between high levels of confidence and wages. Seemingly, those who self-report they were confident earlier in schooling earned better wages and were promoted more quickly over the life course.
What is Community ?
Nature,different association
of organisms grow in association with cach other. Agroup of several (adjustment) species and (plants beneficial and/or interactions. animals) in living a natural together area with is known mutualas community. In a community, organisms share the same habitat growing in an communities. uniform area If non-living environment, By definition, (abiotic) A forest, a factors community a grassland, together must with a include desert, the living only or living a (biotic) IX)nd entities are entities naturalof theare
also considered, then we would be dealing with an ecosystem rather than a community.
The concept of community is by no means so recent, and it may be traced back to the time of Theophrastus (370—250B.C.) who had recognised the existence of plani communities or associations of species in different environmental areas. Many centuries later, Grisebach (1838) recognised the plant (1844), formation while studying as an important the molluscs unit of of Aegean vegetation. Sea, noticed Thereafter for the Edward first time Forbesthat
indifferent areas (i.e. at different depths), there might distinguished different types of assemblages ofspecies. It was indeed in the later part of the 19th century that authentic studies on communities began, when Carl Mobius (180) coined the term biocoenosis for the associations of organisms in an oyster- bed community. In 1902, Schroter and Kirchner introduced the term synecolog referring to plant species on the ocean bottom as an association or community.
Later developments in this particular field were the methods of studying such
Ž associations and their developmental trends (successions) in varying habitat conditions, etc. Further studies in community led to the development of following five lines of traditional thoughts of classifications : (i) In U.S.A., Cowles (1899) and Clements (1905) emphasized the process of succession. (ii) In Britain, Tansley (1904), also emphasized the idea of succession in community classifications. (iii) In North Europe, at Uppsala (Sweden), Huit (1881) and Du Rietz (1930) emphasized phytosociological, whereas Raunkiaer (1934) physiognomic methods of community studies. (iv) In Southern Europe, ZurichMontpellier school, led by Braun-Blanquet (1932), who also developed phytosociological studies. (v) in addition to above, with a different view point, not veryclear, there developed also a Russian school of thought,
A community has its own structure, developmental history and behaviour. All these characteristics are in correlation with the environmental factor.9
Hypothesis-testing in Research.
After analysing the data as stated , the researcher is in a position to test the hypotheses, if any, he had formulated earlier. Do the facts support the hypotheses or they happen to be contrary? This is the usual question, which should answered while testing hypotheses. Statisticians have developed various tests, such as Chisquare test, T-test, F-test, for the purpose. The hypotheses may be tested through the use of one or more of such tests, depending upon the nature and object of research inquiry. Hypothesis-testing will result in either ac cepting the hypothesis or rejecting it. If the researcher had no hypotheses to start with, generalization established on the basis of data may be stated as hypotheses to be tested by subsequent researches in times to come.
Wednesday 27 July 2016
Tuesday 26 July 2016
What is The astrolabe ?
The astrolabe is a scientific instrument dating back to 170 B.C. Complex planetary astrolabes were used to measure the altitude of the planets and stars to track their movements. From these calculations, latitude and time could also be determined. In the 16th century, a simpler nautical or mariner's astrolabe was developed for navigational use. The one pictured above is believed to be the astrolabe used by Christopher Columbus. He would have aligned the horizontal axis of the astrolabe with the horizon of the sky. He would then have directed the moveable pointer ("Alidade") towards the sun or polar star and read the position on its outer dial.
Monday 25 July 2016
Sunday 24 July 2016
Thursday 21 July 2016
Mājuli or Majoli . large river island .Brahmaputra River.India.
Mājuli or Majoli is a large river island in the Brahmaputra River, Assam, India. The island had a total area of 1,250 square kilometres (483 sq mi), but having lost significantly to erosion it had an area of only 352 square kilometres (136 sq mi) in 2014.Majuli has shrunk as the river surrounding it has grown.
The island is formed by the Brahmaputra river in the south and the Kherkutia Xuti, an anabranch of the Brahmaputra, joined by the Subansiri River in the north. Mājuli island is accessible by ferries from the city of Jorhat. The island is about 200 kim east from the state's largest city —Guwahati. It was formed due to course changes by the river Brahmaputra and its tributaries, mainly the Lohit. Mājuli is the abode of the Assamese neo-Vaisnavite culture.
Originally, the island was a long, narrow piece of land called Majoli (land in the middle of two parallel rivers) that had the Brahmaputra flowing in the north and the Burhidihing flowing in the south, till they met at Lakhu. Frequent earthquakes in the period 1661–1696 set the stage for a catastrophic flood in 1750 that continued for 15 days, which is mentioned in historical texts and reflected in folklore. As a result of this flood, the Brahmaputra split into two branches — one flowing along the original channel and the other flowing along the Burhidihing channel and the Mājuli island was formed. The Burhidihing's point of confluence moved 190 km east and the southern channel which was the Burhidihing became the Burhi Xuti. The northern channel, which was previously the Brahmaputra, became the Luit Xuti. In due course, the flow in the Luit Xuti decreased, and it came to be known as the Kherkutia Xuti; and the Burhi Xuti expanded via erosion to become the main Brahmaputra River.
The locals speak in the Mising and Assamese languages.
Reference regarding the early existence of Majuli is found in Yogini Tranta that Sutiya king Ratnadhajpal founded his capital in Ratanpur, Majuli which was perhaps washed away by the Brahmaputra.
Mājuli has been the cultural capital of Assamese civilisation since the 16th century; based on written records describing the visit of Srimanta Sankardeva — a 16th-century social reformer. Sankardeva, a pioneer of the medieval-age neo-Vaishnavite movement, preached a monotheist form of Hinduism called Vaishnavism and established monasteries and hermitages known as satra on the islet.
The island soon became the leading center of Vaishavinism with the establishment of these satras. After the arrival of the British, Majuli was under the rule of the British until India gained independence in 1947. It is one of world's biggest river islands.
The festival of Ali aye ligang is celebrated during mid-February with great pomp and show. It is celebrated for five days starting from second Wednesday of February till the next week. Local dishes like purang apin (rice wrapped in special leaves), apong (rice beer) and dishes made of pork, fish and chickens are served. Traditional Mising dance Gumrag Soman is performed in every village worshiping the almighty Donyi polo (mother sun and father moon) asking for good year of harvest.
Other festivals like Christmas is celebrated by the majority Christians of Mising tribe in upper Majuli where Jengraimukh village is the epicentre of Christians. Majuli has been the cultural capital and the cradle of Assamese civilization for the past 500 years. The satras set up preserve antiques like weapons, utensils, jewellery and other items of cultural significance. Pottery is made in Mājuli from beaten clay and burnt in driftwood fired kilns in the same mode carried out by the peoples of the ancient Harrappan Civilisation. Sociologists have stressed the preservation of these unique peoples, whose culture and dance forms are untouched by modernism. The hand-loom work of these tribes is internationally famous.
Virtually every person on the island is involved in the three-day long raas festival, depicting the life of Krishna. People from hundreds of kilometers away come to celebrate this festival including a number of expatriate members of community. The satras have honed certain art and craft traditions, which can now be found only here. In Natun Samuguri Satra for example, one can still find the craft of mask-making; and in the Kamalabari Satra the finest boats are made.
Tuesday 19 July 2016
Species Diversity
Species diversity refers to the variety of species within a region.
Species are distinct units of diversity, each playing a specific role in an ecosystem. There fore. loss of species has consequences for the ecosystem as a whole.
The simples measure of species diversity i richness, ie the number of species per unit area. Generally, greater the species richness, greater is the species diversity However, number of individuals among the species may also vary, resulting into differen- ces in evenness, or equitability and con- sequently in diversity.
Monday 18 July 2016
Know about Wife.
A wife is a female partner in a continuing marital relationship. A wife may also be referred to as a spouse, which is a gender-neutral term. The term continues to be applied to a woman who has separated from her partner and ceases to be applied to such a woman only when her marriage has come to an end following a legally recognized divorce or the death of her spouse. On the death of her partner, a wife is referred to as a widow, but not after she is divorced from her partner.
The rights and obligations of the wife in relation to her partner and her status in the community and in law varies between cultures and has varied over time.
The word is of Germanic origin, from Proto-Germanic * wībam, "woman". In Middle English it had the form wif, and in Old English wīf, "woman or wife". It is related to Modern German Weib (woman, female), and Danish viv (wife, usually poetic) and may derive ultimately from the Indo-European root ghwībh- "shame; pudenda" (cf. Tocharian B kwīpe and Tocharian A kip, each meaning "female pudenda", with clear sexual overtones) The original meaning of the phrase "wife" as simply "woman", unconnected with marriage or a husband / wife, is preserved in words such as "midwife "and" fishwife ".
In many cultures, with marriage it is generally expected that a woman will take her husband's surname, though that is not universal. A married woman may indicate her marital status in a number of ways: in Western culture a married woman would commonly wear a wedding ring but in other cultures other markers of marital status may be used. A married woman is commonly given the honorific title "Mrs", but some married women prefer to be referred to as "Ms", a title which is also used when the marital status of a woman is unknown.
Sunday 17 July 2016
Natural environment - UGC-NET Exam topic
The natural environment encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally on Earth or some region thereof. It is an environment that encompasses the interaction of all living species. Climate, weather, and natural resources that affect human survival and economic activity. The concept of the natural environment can be distinguished by components:
Complete ecological units that function as natural systems without massive civilized human intervention, including all vegetation, microorganisms, soil, rocks, atmosphere, and natural phenomena that occur within their boundaries and their nature
Universal natural resources and physical phenomena that lack clear-cut boundaries, such as air, water, and climate, as well as energy, radiation, electric charge, and magnetism, not originating from civilized human activity
In contrast to the natural environment is the built environment. In such areas where man settings has fundamentally transformed landscapes such as urban and agricultural land conversion, the natural environment is greatly modified and diminished, with a much more simplified human environment largely replacing it. Even events which seem less extreme such as hydroelectric dam construction, or photovoltaic system construction in the desert, the natural environme
It is difficult to find absolutely natural environments, and it is common that the naturalness varies in a continuum, from ideally in 100% natural in one extreme to 0% natural the other. More precisely, we can consider the different aspects or components of an environment, and see that their degree of naturalness is not uniform. [2] If, for instance, we take an agricultural field, and consider the mineralogic composition and the structure of its soil, we will find that whereas the first is quite similar to that of an undisturbed forest soil, the structure is quite different.
Natural environment is often used as a synonym for habitat. For instance, when we say that the natural environment of giraffes is the savanna.
Saturday 16 July 2016
Friday 15 July 2016
Goodmorning
Morning is the period of time between midnight and noon or, more commonly, the interval between sunrise and noon. Morning precedes afternoon, evening, and night in the sequence of a day. Originally, the term referred to sunrise.
Thursday 14 July 2016
A mother can protect there 10 children. But 10 children can't protect there mother.
Do not throw out your mother to orphanage. Mothers love is greater than any love.
Elephant near the electric wall
In the a agricultural farm some are use the electric wall for protect the farm from elephant.
Wednesday 13 July 2016
Friday 8 July 2016
Thursday 7 July 2016
Wednesday 6 July 2016
Tuesday 5 July 2016
Sunday 3 July 2016
Saturday 2 July 2016
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